Mengding Ganlu?or?Ganlu tea?is a?tea?from Meng Mountain (Meng Shan), Sichuan Province in the southwest part of China. Meng Shan is reputed to be the place where tea was first cultivated.[
This report contains market size and forecasts of Mengshan Tea in global, including the following market information:
Global Mengshan Tea Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, ($ millions)
Global Mengshan Tea Market Sales, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, (Tons)
Global top five Mengshan Tea companies in 2022 (%)
The global Mengshan Tea market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2023-2030.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2030.
Masked Manna Segment to Reach $ Million by 2030, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Mengshan Tea include Weiduzhen, Huangmingyuan, Yuehua Tea, Hongling, Wuben Tea, Sichuan Tea Group, Chunshangzao and SCIG, etc. In 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Mengshan Tea manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Mengshan Tea Market, by Varieties, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (Tons)
Global Mengshan Tea Market Segment Percentages, by Varieties, 2022 (%)
Masked Manna
Covered Stone Flower
Yellow Bud of Mengding
Other
Global Mengshan Tea Market, by Purchaser, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (Tons)
Global Mengshan Tea Market Segment Percentages, by Purchaser, 2022 (%)
Consumer
Business
Global Mengshan Tea Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (Tons)
Global Mengshan Tea Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Mengshan Tea revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Mengshan Tea revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Key companies Mengshan Tea sales in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), (Tons)
Key companies Mengshan Tea sales share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Weiduzhen
Huangmingyuan
Yuehua Tea
Hongling
Wuben Tea
Sichuan Tea Group
Chunshangzao
SCIG
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Mengshan Tea Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Varieties
1.2.2 Market by Purchaser
1.3 Global Mengshan Tea Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Mengshan Tea Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Mengshan Tea Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Global Mengshan Tea Sales: 2018-2030
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Mengshan Tea Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Mengshan Tea Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Mengshan Tea Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Mengshan Tea Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Mengshan Tea Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Mengshan Tea Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Mengshan Tea Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Mengshan Tea Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Mengshan Tea Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Mengshan Tea Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Masked Manna
4.1.3 Covered Stone Flower
4.1.4 Yellow Bud of Mengding
4.1.5 Other
4.2 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2023-2030
4.2.3 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
4.3 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2023-2030
4.3.3 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
4.4 By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
5 Sights By Purchaser
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Consumer
5.1.3 Business
5.2 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2023-2030
5.2.3 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5.3 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2023-2030
5.3.3 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
5.4 By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2023-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales, 2023-2030
6.3.3 By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2030
6.4.3 US Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 Canada Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Mexico Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Germany Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 France Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 U.K. Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 Italy Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.7 Russia Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.9 Benelux Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2030
6.6.3 China Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.4 Japan Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.5 South Korea Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.7 India Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Brazil Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Argentina Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Sales, 2018-2030
6.8.3 Turkey Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.4 Israel Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.6 UAE Mengshan Tea Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Weiduzhen
7.1.1 Weiduzhen Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Weiduzhen Business Overview
7.1.3 Weiduzhen Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Weiduzhen Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Weiduzhen Key News
7.2 Huangmingyuan
7.2.1 Huangmingyuan Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Huangmingyuan Business Overview
7.2.3 Huangmingyuan Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Huangmingyuan Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Huangmingyuan Key News
7.3 Yuehua Tea
7.3.1 Yuehua Tea Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Yuehua Tea Business Overview
7.3.3 Yuehua Tea Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Yuehua Tea Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Yuehua Tea Key News
7.4 Hongling
7.4.1 Hongling Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Hongling Business Overview
7.4.3 Hongling Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Hongling Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Hongling Key News
7.5 Wuben Tea
7.5.1 Wuben Tea Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Wuben Tea Business Overview
7.5.3 Wuben Tea Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Wuben Tea Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Wuben Tea Key News
7.6 Sichuan Tea Group
7.6.1 Sichuan Tea Group Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Sichuan Tea Group Business Overview
7.6.3 Sichuan Tea Group Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Sichuan Tea Group Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Sichuan Tea Group Key News
7.7 Chunshangzao
7.7.1 Chunshangzao Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Chunshangzao Business Overview
7.7.3 Chunshangzao Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Chunshangzao Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Chunshangzao Key News
7.8 SCIG
7.8.1 SCIG Corporate Summary
7.8.2 SCIG Business Overview
7.8.3 SCIG Mengshan Tea Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 SCIG Mengshan Tea Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.8.5 SCIG Key News
8 Global Mengshan Tea Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Mengshan Tea Production Capacity, 2018-2030
8.2 Mengshan Tea Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Mengshan Tea Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Mengshan Tea Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Mengshan Tea Industry Value Chain
10.2 Mengshan Tea Upstream Market
10.3 Mengshan Tea Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Mengshan Tea Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Mengshan Tea in Global Market
Table 2. Top Mengshan Tea Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Mengshan Tea Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Mengshan Tea Sales by Companies, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Mengshan Tea Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Mengshan Tea Price (2018-2023) & (US$/Kg)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Mengshan Tea Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Mengshan Tea Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Mengshan Tea Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Varieties ? Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 14. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 16. By Purchaser ? Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 17. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 19. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 21. By Region ? Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2030
Table 22. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 24. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 26. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 28. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 30. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 32. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 34. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 36. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 38. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 40. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Sales, (Tons), 2023-2030
Table 46. Weiduzhen Corporate Summary
Table 47. Weiduzhen Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 48. Weiduzhen Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 49. Huangmingyuan Corporate Summary
Table 50. Huangmingyuan Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 51. Huangmingyuan Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 52. Yuehua Tea Corporate Summary
Table 53. Yuehua Tea Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 54. Yuehua Tea Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 55. Hongling Corporate Summary
Table 56. Hongling Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 57. Hongling Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 58. Wuben Tea Corporate Summary
Table 59. Wuben Tea Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 60. Wuben Tea Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Sichuan Tea Group Corporate Summary
Table 62. Sichuan Tea Group Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 63. Sichuan Tea Group Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 64. Chunshangzao Corporate Summary
Table 65. Chunshangzao Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 66. Chunshangzao Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 67. SCIG Corporate Summary
Table 68. SCIG Mengshan Tea Product Offerings
Table 69. SCIG Mengshan Tea Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Kg) (2018-2023)
Table 70. Mengshan Tea Production Capacity (Tons) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (Tons)
Table 71. Global Mengshan Tea Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 72. Global Mengshan Tea Production by Region, 2018-2023 (Tons)
Table 73. Global Mengshan Tea Production by Region, 2023-2030 (Tons)
Table 74. Mengshan Tea Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 75. Mengshan Tea Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 76. Mengshan Tea Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 77. Mengshan Tea Raw Materials
Table 78. Mengshan Tea Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 79. Typical Mengshan Tea Downstream
Table 80. Mengshan Tea Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 81. Mengshan Tea Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Mengshan Tea Segment by Varieties
Figure 2. Mengshan Tea Segment by Purchaser
Figure 3. Global Mengshan Tea Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Mengshan Tea Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Mengshan Tea Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Mengshan Tea Sales in Global Market: 2018-2030 (Tons)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Mengshan Tea Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 11. By Varieties - Global Mengshan Tea Price (US$/Kg), 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 13. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 14. By Purchaser - Global Mengshan Tea Price (US$/Kg), 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. By Region - Global Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 17. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 18. By Country - North America Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 19. US Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 20. Canada Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. Mexico Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 24. Germany Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. France Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. U.K. Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. Italy Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 28. Russia Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. Benelux Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 33. China Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 34. Japan Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. South Korea Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 37. India Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 39. By Country - South America Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 40. Brazil Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. Argentina Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Mengshan Tea Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 44. Turkey Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 45. Israel Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 47. UAE Mengshan Tea Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 48. Global Mengshan Tea Production Capacity (Tons), 2018-2030
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Mengshan Tea by Region, 2022 VS 2030
Figure 50. Mengshan Tea Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels
